Bell’s Inequality Violations: Relation with De Finetti’s Coherence Principle and Inferential Analysis of Experimental Data

It is often believed that de Finetti’s coherence principle naturally leads, in the finite case, to the Kolmogorov’s probability theory of random phenomena, which then implies Bell’s inequality. Thus, not only a violation of Bell’s inequality looks paradoxical in the Kolmogorovian framework, but it should violate also de Finetti’s coherence principle. Firstly, we show that this is not the case: the typical theoretical violations of Bell’s inequality in quantum physics are in agreement with de Finetti’s coherence principle. Secondly, we look for statistical evidence of such violations: we consider the experimental data of measurements of polarization of photons, performed to verify empirically violations of Bell’s inequality, and, on the basis of the estimated violation, we test the null hypothesis of Kolmogorovianity for the observed phenomenon. By standard inferential techniques we compute the pvalue for the test and get a clear strong conclusion against the Kolmogorovian hypothesis.